Characters as Portrayed Through Themes and Images - Literature Essay Samples

Patterns of imagery, symbol and metaphor inform a reading of the novel as much as character or plot. Discuss with close reference to The English Patient.Whilst the four main characters of The English Patient are extremely powerful, and important to the readers understanding of the story, they cannot stand alone without the patterns of imagery, symbolism and metaphor which underpin the text, and offer a complexity which extends beyond the literal level. These patterns reveal information about each character, and provide significant links between characters and ideas which lead to a greater understanding of the novel. Likewise, the plot would have little impact upon the reader were the novel not so densely coloured with these patterns of imagery, symbol and metaphor; amongst which skin, hands, mapping and the elements are particularly important.A metaphorical idea which resonates throughout the novel, and is present in all of the characters (particularly the English patient and Caravag gio) is the concept of man as a sort of communal Book, whereby every aspect of his life, and his relationships with others are mapped onto him. This also operates literally, through the obvious markings of scars on the English patient, and in Caravaggios case, the loss of both thumbs.his black body, beginning at his destroyed feet ahove the shins the burns are worst. Beyond purple. Bone.This description of the English patients body is gruesome and confronting; it addresses the theme of pain, the construction of identity, and of course the physical evidence of his tortured past, which the reader learns more about as this imagery develops. It is almost as if his body is a landscape; a war zone onto which all evidence of suffering is mapped.Imagery of hands is used repeatedly in the novel to communicate the theme of the ambiguity of the past and experience, but also as being an important medium for reflection and observation.Her father had taught her about hands. About a dog ¹s pawsà ‚Å he would smell the base of it ¹s paw. This, he would say, is the greatest smell in the world! A bouquet!Ša hint of all the paths the animal had taken during the day.Whilst hands are explored as a medium for recording history and experience, the idea of past experience as ambiguous and subjective is very important to the text. Whilst Hanas father recognises the reflexive nature of the body, and hands, he does not acknowledge the other side to the argument; the fact that experience and identity can be hidden through the physical nature of the body. This manifests itself in the scarred state of the English patient; a man (despite his label) without nation, name or a tangible, accessible past. The scars on his body allow him to live as a blank canvas, and any speculations as to his possible identities, are just that; speculations, despite how credible they may be.To find truths, is an impossible task, as the nature of history and experience is subjective. However, the body is a canvas onto which every experience is recorded, and this is evident in all of the characters of The English Patient.A love story is not about people who lose their heart but about those who find that sullen inhabitant who, when it is stumbled upon means the body can fool no one, can fool nothing- not the wisdom of sleep or the habits of social graces. It is a consuming of oneself and the past.This writing of the English patients refers to this metaphor, of experience as being mapped onto an individual through powerful emotions such as love. His love affair with Katharine affects him so much so, that when the affair comes to an end through Katharines insistence, Almasy is so damaged that he begins displaying obvious behaviour in public without being aware of it. His love of Katharine has possessed him, almost like a devouring or predatory animal, like the jackal he later compares himself to while it is unclear as to whether Clifton was directly told of the affirir, it is implied that he just knew intuitively; the casualties of this love affair, Katharine and Almasy, could not hide their scars.Imagery describing the setting of the novel links to the idea of the villa as a paradise, and escape for the shell-shocked survivors, whilst the desert is an oasis; a calm, yet dynamic spiritual ground, governed by the elements. Both settings are linked with the symbolism of the elements, and the desert especially contains many references to water.He, who has never felt alone in the miles of longitude between desert towns. A man in a desert can hold absence in his cupped hands knowing it is something which feeds him more than water.The unmarked nature of the desert is something which Almasy loves, as within it he feels alive, free and nourished, without the restrictions placed upon him through nations and identity. The desert is linked to the element water, as it refreshes and enlivens the soul, and also the imagery of hands, and their healing properties.He sank to his kne es and came towards the burned pilot and put his cold hands on his neck and held them there.In the desert you celebrate nothing but water.The imagery of hands and skin, along with the elements of fire, water, air and earth are all linked together in the descriptions of both settings, and overlap in their explorations of the themes of the novel. The element of water is particularly important to the setting of the desert, as its scarcity symbolises the harshness and brutality oft he environment, and also the war which has an impact on both settings; the Villa and the desert.Regarding characters connections to the elements, whilst the English patient is clearly linked to fire, Hana is similarly linked to water. Water represents her need to be cleansed, and to cleanse others from the harshness ofwar. The purity of water relieves and numbs her symptoms of shell-shock, and she is able to escape into this fantasy-paradise of the Villa, that she has constructed for herself and the other cha racters.She wets her hands and combs water into her hair till it is completely wet. This cools her and she likes it when she goes outside and the breezes hit her, erasing the thunder. The ritualistic nature of Hanas connections with water are evidence of her need for something to sustain her spiritually. Having lost everyone who was ever close to her through war, Hana escapes her own past sufferings, and those of others, through her connection with the elements, particularly water. This is also mirrored in the desert setting, where Katharines preoccupation with the moisture of her surroundings in England prevents her from understanding and perceiving the beauty of the nameless desert, as Almasy does. This appropriately links to Katharines need for tradition, for a tangible link to her ancestors, the family name, and her identity.She would have hated to die without a name.Katharines link to water (in many ways, the complete opposite of fire), and to her need for a recognisable identi ty provide an interesting and necessary contrast to the English patient, who is linked to fire and the obvious construction of identity.Fire and burning is linked to the apocalyptic experiences that all characters suffer throughout the course of the novel, right up until the end, where Kip is betrayed by his paternal coloniser England, and makes a journey back through the ruins of European civilisation, re-mapping his path for life. Fire is portrayed as a destroyer, But also as a hidden healer; it marks an end, but also marks a new beginning for some. When the English patient fell burning in to the desert, it was indeed and end for him; metaphorically if not physically. His body is incredibly destroyed by the fire, his skin burned the colour of aubergine. For the English patient, fire is representative of anger, regret, and sorrow, but is also the elemental mediator of human actions. Clifton had planned to kill Almasy, Katharine and himself in a murder suicide, which, whilst it does not work out exactly according to plan, has tragic circumstances. However, whilst Almasy survives to live a few more years, it is not without continuous pain and suffering. No characters survive without being touched in some way by the elements; either positive or negative. His lover having died in the Cave of Swimmers, amongst her chosen element of water, the fire has then destroyed all evidence of her existence. All he has left are his memories, which, blurred by the growing dosages of morphine, are also, as the novel raises into serious question, unreliable. Prior to this, when Katharine insists upon their separation as lovers, Almasy experiences another end.His hunger wishes to burn down all social rules, all courtesy.Katharine and Almasys relationship is effectively destroyed by the expectations of European culture. He wishes to burn these strict social codes in order to give priority to what really has meaning; love. The consuming nature of fire is also linked to the intense emotional and physical desire expressed in the relationship between these two lovers.the heart is an organ of fire.Once captured by love, the heart is burning and consuming, it can never return to the way it was. In this instance, fire is seen as a new beginning; the consuming nature of fire is linked to love.What he does gain through fire however, is the ability to detach himself from his name, race and past; his identity is stripped, or burnt off, along with the skin on his body. What and who he was is of no importance to him, and he is finally able to relinquish all labels, as he was wishing to his whole life. Ironically, the months before death, while confined to a bed in a villa far away from the desert he loves, he is able to gain psychological freedom.I fell burning into the desert..Then his legs are free of everything and he is in the air, bright not knowing why he is bright until he realises he is on fire.These intriguing comparisons, between destruction and fire, between f ire and love, are epitomised in the above quote which holds a painful beauty in its language. The element of air, is part of his journey through fire; another level or stage he must endure in suffering. Both sides of fire are revealed; illumination, light, a new beginning, versus pain, death and apocalypse. The symbolism of fire in the novel is no different to the other symbolism and imagery, in that there is always a complex and sometimes contradictory nature to the themes explored through such references.When Kip hears of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, images of fire and destruction fill his mind.If he closes his eyes he sees the streets are full of fire. It rolls across cities like a burnt map, the hurricane of heat withering bodies as it meets them, the shadow of humans suddenly in the air.In this instance, fire can be seen as a conquerer of all other elements; its consuming nature spreads over into other elements, almost betraying the purity of water, or the freedom of air with its destructive, scorching flames. The character most linked with fire, the English patient, is also seen as a betrayer of sorts; a spy, a man guilty of adultery, a man unable to save his lover from death, and also a betrayer in Kips eyes. To Kip, the English patient represents European colonial powers, and their destructive nature. It is not of importance to him that the English patient may not even be English, he still feels betrayed by the colonial powers he has been mimicking his whole life. However, fire is also associated with Klp, who is literally in the line of fire everyday, through the possible dangers of defusing bombs. While he does not betray anyone, it is the fire that betrays him; firstly his partner is killed, and then the English powers who bomb Hiroshima betray his expectations, and his trust in their wisdom and culture. These images again return to Kip a little later in the novel, just prior to his leaving the villa.When he closes his eyes he sees fire, p eople leaping into rivers into reservoirs to avoid flame or heat that within second burns everything, whatever they hold, their own skin and hair, even the water they leap into.Kips acknowledgment of the evils of war and Western civilisation come suddenly, and spread like fire, pursuing his consciousness to the point where he must re-evaluate his situation, and identity. As the coda informs the reads of Kips return to India, it suggests that he has overcome this internal fire, and he, like the English patient, is now free.Patterns of symbolism involving the elements are integral to the meaning of the novel. The four main characters, Hana, Caravaggio, the English patient and Kip, are all linked together, and complement each other in what resembles a constellation, perhaps a reference to the four elements which permeate the novel; fire, water, air and earth, although they are non-specifically related to each character. The imagery in the novel is descriptive, poetic, and at times conf iontational, which acts to shock the reader into acknowledging the incredible circumstances under which all characters are surviving, towards their own struggles to freedom. The implementation of imagery, symbolism and metaphor also mirror the horrors of the wa rin which these four people are involved. The themes explored through the elements in particular, are complex and contradictory, just as the elements are themselves. Sometimes harsh, sometimes cleansing, and almost always painful, these elements shape the characters and plot, and reside in much of the imagery explored in the novel. The techniques of symbolism, metaphor and imagery develop the novels themes of love, war, suffering and identity, which inform a reading of the novel which would not be as powerful through use of characters and plot alone. The subtlety and eloquence through which these themes are explored really inspire thought and reflection in the reader, which in turn credits a more complex understanding of the novel.

Essay Crime in South Africa - 1400 Words

When President Thabo Mbeki came to power in 1999, he wanted to make his Presidency an execution administration. There was beginning to be a sense that there were too many strategies in place since 1994 and public perception was that nothing was happening. During the opening of Parliament in 1999, three years after the launch of the NCPS, President Thabo Mbeki was forced to address crime when it became clear that previous measures were not effective. To show the country of his implementation agenda he told the nation that government will work with its citizens to improve their safety and security through initiatives which would ensure that the NCPS was effectively implemented through government initiatives. One such operationalisation of†¦show more content†¦With his speech, all he did was to just go further than that Police Plan which focused on Provinces with high incidence of crime and included specific communities in those Provinces other areas which had similar situati ons. In his address he mentioned nine areas but had sent a message to crime fighting law enforcement to implement in such areas as he had mentioned, as a result such areas were added to bring them to 14 stations. These stations were promised with enough resources to those communities with the help of all stakeholders concerned. Those stations which were as a result of the President’s address became know as Presidential Stations. The Presidential stations in the country are: 1. Gauteng: Katlehong and Alexandra 2. Western Cape: Mitchell’s Plain and Khayelitsha 3. KwaZulu-Natal :Inanda and Kwa Mashu 4. Eastern Cape: Motherwell, Mdantsane and Tsolo 5. Limpopo: Thohoyandou 6. Northern Cape: Galeshewe 7. Northwest: Mafikeng 8. Free State: Thabong 9. Mpumalanga: KaNyamazana These police stations were identified as high risk in terms of lacking infrastructure, inadequate resources, and high levels of serious and violent crime. 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Essay about Classical Management Theories - 1523 Words

Successful management requires an understanding of the fundamental concepts of effective management techniques and principles. In order to gain such insight, and manage effectively and efficiently, managers must develop an awareness of past management principles, models and theories. From the turn of the 20th Century, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organisations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. This urgency for a theory saw the development of six major management approaches, the focus of this essay will be on two of the classical management theories; the scientific management theory and the human relations movement. The contributions of both†¦show more content†¦(Mohanty and Sethi, 1996) The underlying assumption of the Scientific Management Theory, according to Dwyer (2005) is that Human nature is machine-like and thoroughly rational, motivated by simple, uncomplicated economical needs. In 1924, a series of studies were conducted in an attempt to determine the effect that lighting had on the productivity of a worker. These studies were later known as the Hawthorne Studies. The studies, which were fronted by Elton Mayo, provided new insights into individual and group behaviour, and found that social norms or group standards were the major determinants of workers behaviour. (Robbins et al., 2006). It is from the Hawthorne Studies that the Human Relations Movement stemmed, and this theory holds a philosophy that a managers concern for workers will lead to their increased satisfaction and improved performance. (Dwyer, 2005) The names associated with this movement include; Dale Carnegie, Abraham Maslow and Douglas McGregor. 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People Of The World Essay Example For Students

People Of The World Essay People of the world are, or sometimes feel distant to me because I never interact with them as a whole. Most of the time when I meet someone from another country they are in the U.S. and speak English. I would like to meet people from around the world in their own environment, other than Canadians (I have been to Canada). I guess all I cam reflect on is what I have dealt with here at Fayetteville State University, and what I have encountered from other travels. The only other country I have visited Canada and it seems as if all of the people there are seven-day Adventist. They are very nice people don’t get me wrong but they push their views on to you. I’m not saying one religion is right and the other is wrong I’m just saying provide facts and let me decide for myself. Living in New York though you meet a lot of different people. Going through China Town is like (I’ve heard) being in China, and with all the different ethnic restaurants around, you can eat different countries food everyday of the week. The only thing about being in ethnic diversity is that you have to watch what you say because ofJokes to one race are not always jokes to another. One of he experiences I’ve had with other countries natives is one guy I knew from Uganda and his mom used to cook things I’ve never heard of before. Like for instance, fried bananas is one of the things I’ve never heard of. I didn’t know you could cook bananas at all. I also have a Russian and German friend to. At the Russians’ house they make reddish soup with all kinds of things in it that is real good. At the Germans’ house they make deer meet all kinds of ways so I get my share of ethnic eating. In conclusion I have had a taste of other countries, literally, but I would still like to visit in their environments so that I can get the full effect. Aviation Essays

Write Amirs diary for the day he witnesses Hassans rape, explaining his feelings and why he did not intervene Essay Example

Write Amirs diary for the day he witnesses Hassans rape, explaining his feelings and why he did not intervene Essay There are two things I cant stop thinking about: the resignation in Hassans face, and his brown corduroy pants which were lay against the pile of eroded bricks. I almost said something. Almost. But I will never be the mard my father expects me to be. Never be a real man. But does it matter now? Was it all worth it? After all, Baba is proud of me now, and he doesnt have to know what I did. And now, it will be happily ever after, of course. Why should I let Hassan ruin that for me? After all, isnt he just a Hazara? My Hazara? He is just the lamb I had to slay to win Baba. And I did it; I won Baba. When I returned home with the kite, my blue kite, and Baba had welcomed me, like a hero, finally acknowledging my worthiness, I had forgotten about it, just for a minute. And that felt good. But now, I am unworthy. I will never grow up to be like Baba, never have a reputation like his. Never have his nang. Namoos. His honour and his pride. Because I am a coward, and that is all I aspire to be. Baba even said, Im not like the other boys, and Im not like him. And hes right. I did nothing. I just stood and watched my lamb, my Hassan, prepare to be slaughtered. And then I ran. I didnt want to get hurt. I didnt want to face Assef. I didnt want to save him. And I wish things had turned out another way, I really do, but they never could have because I am a coward. We will write a custom essay sample on Write Amirs diary for the day he witnesses Hassans rape, explaining his feelings and why he did not intervene specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Write Amirs diary for the day he witnesses Hassans rape, explaining his feelings and why he did not intervene specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Write Amirs diary for the day he witnesses Hassans rape, explaining his feelings and why he did not intervene specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Baba would never even look at me again if he knew what I did. Ive finally made him proud, finally won his heart. But that would all change if he knew. And now Im unsure as to which one Id rather have; Babas love, or Hassans pure devotion. Hassan is the one who has always loved me. His first word was Amir. We had a brotherhood, a kinship that nothing could break, because we had fed from the same breast. We were the sultans of Kabul. Now I cant even look him in the eye. Im too afraid of what I will see. Does he know I know? Will he blame me for what happened? Or worse, will he still call me his best friend, still look at me with guileless devotion? If I were more like Hassan or Baba, or any other boy my age, I could have fought for him, just like he always does for me. But now Im going to fight. Fight against him. How can I live with him always being here? I dont want Baba giving any of his new-found affections for me to Hassan either. I can be the one who makes his stone jump the most time now, Im the one who can look after myself, and Im the one who father is proud of. Now there will be no reason as to why Baba should ever pat Hassan on the back again, and never see me fail next to him. Baba will always love me more, from now on. Without Hassan here any more, maybe I can forget what I have done, and I can accept Babas love without guilt.

Quiz Week 7 Essay Example

Quiz Week 7 Essay Example Quiz Week 7 Paper Quiz Week 7 Paper Essay Topic: Literature Question 1: Why does Scheherazade in The Thousand and One Nights tell her husband a story each night? Q1 Answer:To prevent execution the next morning Question 2: Why did the Spanish Jews welcome the Muslim invasion? Q2 Answer:The Visigoth rulers had persecuted them Question 3:Why did Mohammad allow Muslim men to have up to four wives? Q3 Answer: To provide protective charity Question 4: Why did Mohammad leave Mecca for Medina in 622? Q4 Answer: Meccas leadership was displeased with him Question 5: Why was the Kaaba significant to the Bedouins? Q5 Answer: It housed images of their gods Question 6: Why was Islam able to spread so quickly after Muhammads death? Q6 Answer: A long war had exhausted the Byzantine and the Persian empires Question 7: Why was Mecca important to the Bedouin traders? Q7 Answer: It had natural springs Question 8: Why does an author use a framing tale? Q8 Answer: To unite different stories Question 9: Why are practitioners of Islams mystical branch called Sufi (from the Arabic suf)? Q9 Answer: They write intense metaphorical poetry Question 10: Why do Muslims decorate their mosques without figurative images? Q10 Answer: Mohammad warned that image makers would face punishment at Judgment Question 11: Why did Hildegard of Bingen believe her plainchant brought heaven and earth together? A11 Answer: Her extremes of register created soaring arches Question 12: In the Song of Roland, why are the Saracens able to ambush Rolands army? Q12 Answer: Roland is betrayed by Ganelon Question 13: What was the main task of Christian missionaries in England? Q13 Answer: To transfer the peoples allegiance from their king to God Question 14: What medieval cult is connected to the courtly love literature? Q14 Answer: The Cult of the Virgin Question 15: Why was the Book of Kells moved from Iona off the Scottish coast to Kells in Ireland? Q15 Answer: To protect it from Vikings threatening the Scottish coast Question 16: What leads to Rolands death in the Song of Roland? Q16 Answer: His sense of pride Question 17: What pilgrimage destination was most difficult to reach? Q17 Answer: Jerusalem Question 18: What effect was the space created by the Romanesque churches barrel vaults designed to produce for the pilgrims? Q18 Answer: Raise their eyes and direct their thoughts toward heaven Question 19: Why was the wergeld (life-price) of a thane higher than that of a thrall? Q19 Answer: Thralls were slaves Question 20: Why does Beowulf travel from Denmark to Sweden? Q20 Answer: To kill the monster Grendel Question 21: Why is the Jesse tree a common stained-glass motif? Q21 Answer: It establishes Marys royal lineage from King David Question 22: On whose relationship was the popular poem the Roman de la Rose based? Q22 Answer: Peter Abelard and Heloise Question 23: Why was Jean, duke of Berry in the fifteenth century, the wealthiest man in Europe? Q23 Answer: His subjects paid the highest taxes in all of Europe Question 24: Why was Saint Denis not completed during Sugers lifetime? Q24 Answer: Louis VII left for the Crusades and withdrew funding Question 25: What two subjects did Scholasticism seek to reconcile? Q25 Answer: Christian faith and classical reason Question 26: What musical instrument became popular in the cathedrals? Q26 Answer: The organ Question 27: Who designed the Abbey of Saint-Deniss renovation and thus began the Gothic style? Q27 Answer: Abbot Suger Question 28: Why did Pisano sculpt his Mary, Sister of Moses, which sits on the Siena Cathedral, to lean forward? Q28 Answer: So the viewers below could see her face Question 29: According to the chapters Continuity and Change section, what exploration was a driving force in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries? Q29 Answer: The meaning of being human Question 30: On whose method did Peter Abelard base his teaching? Q30 Answer: Socrates Question 31: As reported in the chapters Continuity and Change section, whose 1804 Imperial Decree on Burials created the idea of a cemetery as a kind of landscape garden? Q31 Answer: Emperor Napoleon of France Question 32: Why was Dante Alighieri exiled from Florence? Q32 Answer: For failing to mend a political schism Question 33: Why does Virgil guide Dante through Hell and Purgatory? Q33 Answer: Virgil represented the embodiment of reason Question 34: According to the chapters Continuity and Change section, what was a positive effect of the bubonic plague? Q34 Answer: Per capita wealth increased Question 35: Why is the camel in Giottos Adoration of the Magi not exactly realistic? Q35 Answer: It has blue eyes Question 36: In what area of Italy are Siena and Florence located? Q36 Answer: Tuscany Question 37: What is an advantage of the buon fresco (paint on wet plaster) technique? Q37 Answer: The paint becomes part of the wall Question 38: What was the Florentine bankers most important invention? Q38 Answer: Europes first single currency Question 39: On what trade was Florences wealth based? Q39 Answer: Textiles Question 40: In the Arena Chapel frescoes, what is Giotto the first artist since antiquity to depict? Q40 Answer: People from behind

Autonomous Caregiver Following Robotic Wheelchair

Therefore we have to see non merely independent maps and user interfaces but besides how to cut down caregivers’ burden and back up their activities in a communicating facet. From this point of position, we have proposed a robotic wheelchair traveling with a caregiver side by side based on the MATLAB procedure. In this undertaking we discoursing about robotic wheel chair to follow a health professional by utilizing a microcontroller, Ultrasonic detector, computer keyboard, Motor drivers to run automaton. Using camera interfaced with the DM6437 ( Davinci Code Processor ) image is captured. The captured image are so processed by utilizing image processing technique, the processed image are so converted into electromotive force degrees through MAX 232 degree convertor and given it to the microcontroller unit serially and supersonic detector to observe the obstruction in forepart of automaton. In this automaton we have mode choice switch Automatic and Manual control of automaton, we use supersonic detector in automatic manner to happen obstruction, in Manual manner to utilize the computer keyboard to run wheel chair. In the microcontroller unit, hundred linguistic communication cryptography is predefined, harmonizing to this coding the automaton which connected to it was controlled. Robot which has several motors is activated by utilizing the motor drivers. Motor drivers are nil but a switch which ON/OFF the motor harmonizing to the control given by the microcontroller unit. Keywords:Code Composer studio,Robotic Wheelchair. Introduction Harmonizing to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , between the 7 and 10 % of the population worldwide suffer from some physical disablement. This nose count indicates that the most common disablement is motor, followed by sightlessness, hearing loss, rational, and linguistic communication. Many people who suffer from chronic mobility damages, such as spinal cord hurts or multiple induration, utilize a powered wheelchair to travel around their environment. However, factors such as weariness, devolution of their status, and centripetal damages, frequently limit their ability to utilize standard electric wheelchairs. This undertaking aims at developing—in coaction with applied scientists and rehabilitation clinicians—a paradigm of a multi-functional intelligent wheelchair to help persons with mobility damages in their day-to-day motive power, while minimising physical and cognitive tonss. In Existing system the control is utilizing computer keyboard or person has to assist in traveling the wheel chair and here we introduce a new technique in this we can track the caregiver’s organic structure orientation by sing its form so that the wheelchair can do a bend when the health professional is traveling to alter his/her traveling way. Based on these observations of the health professional, our wheelchair can travel with the health professional side by side. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.001.png". Fig1. System Overview The coveted codification can be fed into DM6437 via CCS and consequence can be viewed in matlab. In the following subdivision, the execution of tracking algorithms will be presented. Section III proposes the algorithm with Davinci codification processor and robotic system. Decision is given in subdivision IV. Peoples DETECTION AND TRACKING Initially connect web camera to the processor. From the picture 2 back-to-back snapshot will be taken with 2sec hold. Both the images will be converted from RGB to grey. The obtained images will hold noise. In order to take the noise Weiner filter is used. Then the filtered grey image will be converted in to grey Binary Image in which ROI is separated. From the binary image Region belongingss will be extracted. In this undertaking major axis length and orientation are extracted. These belongingss will be compared for both the images. Based on the conditions, the bids will be sent to the robotic wheelchair through consecutive port. The stairss followed in algorithm is, First we take two images automatically one by one with some hold. Convert both colour images to grey images by utilizing rgb2gray bid. Use wiener2 filter for taking gesture fuzz in both images because object is in traveling place so camera generate blurred image. Convert that wiener filtered images to binary images. Apply regionprops technique to binary images for ciphering majoraxislength, orientation ( angle ) . Here we are utilizing both instances such as majoraxislength for ciphering length of image and orientation for angle of image. After acquiring place of object that will be automatically sended to embedded kit ( wheel chair ) through consecutive port utilizing consecutive bid. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.002.png"/ Fig2. Detecting Region of Interest ALGORITHM WITH DM6437 AND ROBOTIC SYSTEM Therefore the generated matlab plan has been fed into the davinci codification processor. This is done by change overing matlab codification in to c codification. The generated degree Celsius codification will be injected in to the processor utilizing Code Composer Studio. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.003.png"/ Fig3. DVM6437 with supplied electromotive force and USB connexion img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.004.png"/ Fig 4. MATLAB coding img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.005.jpg"/ Fig5. Connecting with CCS A Robotic constellation. The paradigm system can be implemented utilizing the TMS320DM6437 EVM board, the Robot, and a picture camera. The EVM board includes a DM6437 DSP with a UART consecutive port, composite picture inputs and end products, and many other peripherals. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.006.png"/ Fig6. Robotic Circuit The EVM board can be mounted above the robotic system. A gripper can be built, to attach the picture camera to the system, and avoid camera quivers, that can be caused by the automaton ‘s motion. Maestro system. The maestro system includes the robotic faculty. Thus the TI DSP processor can be interfaced to robotic faculty by agencies of UART. The robotic system can be configured with 89C51, DC brushless motors ( 45 revolutions per minute ) , detectors for the obstructions sensing and UART for the external. This microcontroller enforce greater versatility with the option for Embedded Web waiter application, so that system can be monitored from the distant location. Therefore configuring the system utilizing UART would intend that the DSP would move as slave and it would the feed the boot information to the maestro device ( 89C51 ) , when they need information. Thus the maestro would have the picture information, sing which object demand to be tracked from the slave ( DSP ) and there by the coveted one would be tracked. Thus the presented algorithm would roll up the belongingss of the coveted object, which would voyage the slave for tracking. Based on the place of the Object ( Caregiver ) , the bids will be sent to microcontroller through the consecutive port. Depending on the standard bids, the action will be taken topographic point. The bids and it’s control action for automaton, is given in tabular array. TABLE1: DECISION MAKING TABLE BY ROBOT S.No Command Robot motion 1 4 Left 2 6 Right 3 8 Forward 4 5 Stop The relationship between the maestro and break one’s back device is depicted as province flow chart in the figure7 img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.007.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.009.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.010.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.011.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.012.png"/ Fig7. Flow of mechanism between district attorney vinci and robotic system img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.020.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.019.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.018.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.017.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.016.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.015.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.014.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.013.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.021.png"/ Fig8. Robotic Wheelchair Prototype Decision In this paper, a new algorithm is presented, to do the wheelchair to follow health professional. The algorithm is verified for a set of picture. It reduces the physical work and caregiver’s burden. The proposed architecture has to be implemented. Mentions [ 1 ] Veenman, C. Reinders, M. , and Backer, E. 2001. Deciding gesture correspondence for dumbly traveling points, IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 23, 1, 54–72. Serby, D. , koller clemency, S. , AND Gool L. V. 2004. Probabilistic object tracking utilizing multiple characteristics. In IEEE International Conference of Pattern Recognition ( ICPR ) . 184–187. Comaniciu, D. , Ramesh, V. , Andmeer, P. 2003. Kernel-based object trailing. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach Intell. 25, 564–575. Yilmaz, A. , LI, X. , AND Shah, M. 2004. Contour based object tracking with occlusion managing in picture acquired utilizing nomadic cameras. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 26, 11, 1531–1536. Pashcog, G. 2001. Perceptually unvarying colour infinites for colour texture analysis: an empirical rating. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 10, 932–937. Canny, J. 1986. A computational attack to inch sensing. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 8, 6, 679–698. HORN, B. AND SCHUNK, B. 1981. Determining optical flow. Artific. Intell. 17, 185–203. Kanade, T. , collins, R. , Lipton, A. , Burt, P. , AND Wilson, L. 1998. Progresss in concerted multi-sensor picture surveillance. Darpa IU Workshop. 3–24. Wren, A. Azarbayejani, T. Darrell, and A. Pentland, â€Å"Pfinder: Real-time trailing of the human organic structure, † IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, pp. 780-785, 1997. A. Monnet, A. Mittal, N. Paragios, and V. Ramesh, â€Å"Background mold and minus of dynamic scenes, † Oct. 2003, pp. 1305-1312 vol.2. [ 11 ] M. Irani and P. Anandan, â€Å"Video indexing based on Mosaic representations, † Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 905-921, May 1998. [ 12 ] X. Gao, T. Boult, F. Coetzee, and V. Ramesh, â€Å"Error analysis of background adaptation, † vol. 1, 2000, pp. 503-510 vol-1 P.1 Autonomous Caregiver Following Robotic Wheelchair Therefore we have to see non merely independent maps and user interfaces but besides how to cut down caregivers’ burden and back up their activities in a communicating facet. From this point of position, we have proposed a robotic wheelchair traveling with a caregiver side by side based on the MATLAB procedure. In this undertaking we discoursing about robotic wheel chair to follow a health professional by utilizing a microcontroller, Ultrasonic detector, computer keyboard, Motor drivers to run automaton. Using camera interfaced with the DM6437 ( Davinci Code Processor ) image is captured. The captured image are so processed by utilizing image processing technique, the processed image are so converted into electromotive force degrees through MAX 232 degree convertor and given it to the microcontroller unit serially and supersonic detector to observe the obstruction in forepart of automaton. In this automaton we have mode choice switch Automatic and Manual control of automaton, we use supersonic detector in automatic manner to happen obstruction, in Manual manner to utilize the computer keyboard to run wheel chair. In the microcontroller unit, hundred linguistic communication cryptography is predefined, harmonizing to this coding the automaton which connected to it was controlled. Robot which has several motors is activated by utilizing the motor drivers. Motor drivers are nil but a switch which ON/OFF the motor harmonizing to the control given by the microcontroller unit. Keywords:Code Composer studio,Robotic Wheelchair. Introduction Harmonizing to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , between the 7 and 10 % of the population worldwide suffer from some physical disablement. This nose count indicates that the most common disablement is motor, followed by sightlessness, hearing loss, rational, and linguistic communication. Many people who suffer from chronic mobility damages, such as spinal cord hurts or multiple induration, utilize a powered wheelchair to travel around their environment. However, factors such as weariness, devolution of their status, and centripetal damages, frequently limit their ability to utilize standard electric wheelchairs. This undertaking aims at developing—in coaction with applied scientists and rehabilitation clinicians—a paradigm of a multi-functional intelligent wheelchair to help persons with mobility damages in their day-to-day motive power, while minimising physical and cognitive tonss. In Existing system the control is utilizing computer keyboard or person has to assist in traveling the wheel chair and here we introduce a new technique in this we can track the caregiver’s organic structure orientation by sing its form so that the wheelchair can do a bend when the health professional is traveling to alter his/her traveling way. Based on these observations of the health professional, our wheelchair can travel with the health professional side by side. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.001.png". Fig1. System Overview The coveted codification can be fed into DM6437 via CCS and consequence can be viewed in matlab. In the following subdivision, the execution of tracking algorithms will be presented. Section III proposes the algorithm with Davinci codification processor and robotic system. Decision is given in subdivision IV. Peoples DETECTION AND TRACKING Initially connect web camera to the processor. From the picture 2 back-to-back snapshot will be taken with 2sec hold. Both the images will be converted from RGB to grey. The obtained images will hold noise. In order to take the noise Weiner filter is used. Then the filtered grey image will be converted in to grey Binary Image in which ROI is separated. From the binary image Region belongingss will be extracted. In this undertaking major axis length and orientation are extracted. These belongingss will be compared for both the images. Based on the conditions, the bids will be sent to the robotic wheelchair through consecutive port. The stairss followed in algorithm is, First we take two images automatically one by one with some hold. Convert both colour images to grey images by utilizing rgb2gray bid. Use wiener2 filter for taking gesture fuzz in both images because object is in traveling place so camera generate blurred image. Convert that wiener filtered images to binary images. Apply regionprops technique to binary images for ciphering majoraxislength, orientation ( angle ) . Here we are utilizing both instances such as majoraxislength for ciphering length of image and orientation for angle of image. After acquiring place of object that will be automatically sended to embedded kit ( wheel chair ) through consecutive port utilizing consecutive bid. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.002.png"/ Fig2. Detecting Region of Interest ALGORITHM WITH DM6437 AND ROBOTIC SYSTEM Therefore the generated matlab plan has been fed into the davinci codification processor. This is done by change overing matlab codification in to c codification. The generated degree Celsius codification will be injected in to the processor utilizing Code Composer Studio. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.003.png"/ Fig3. DVM6437 with supplied electromotive force and USB connexion img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.004.png"/ Fig 4. MATLAB coding img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.005.jpg"/ Fig5. Connecting with CCS A Robotic constellation. The paradigm system can be implemented utilizing the TMS320DM6437 EVM board, the Robot, and a picture camera. The EVM board includes a DM6437 DSP with a UART consecutive port, composite picture inputs and end products, and many other peripherals. img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.006.png"/ Fig6. Robotic Circuit The EVM board can be mounted above the robotic system. A gripper can be built, to attach the picture camera to the system, and avoid camera quivers, that can be caused by the automaton ‘s motion. Maestro system. The maestro system includes the robotic faculty. Thus the TI DSP processor can be interfaced to robotic faculty by agencies of UART. The robotic system can be configured with 89C51, DC brushless motors ( 45 revolutions per minute ) , detectors for the obstructions sensing and UART for the external. This microcontroller enforce greater versatility with the option for Embedded Web waiter application, so that system can be monitored from the distant location. Therefore configuring the system utilizing UART would intend that the DSP would move as slave and it would the feed the boot information to the maestro device ( 89C51 ) , when they need information. Thus the maestro would have the picture information, sing which object demand to be tracked from the slave ( DSP ) and there by the coveted one would be tracked. Thus the presented algorithm would roll up the belongingss of the coveted object, which would voyage the slave for tracking. Based on the place of the Object ( Caregiver ) , the bids will be sent to microcontroller through the consecutive port. Depending on the standard bids, the action will be taken topographic point. The bids and it’s control action for automaton, is given in tabular array. TABLE1: DECISION MAKING TABLE BY ROBOT S.No Command Robot motion 1 4 Left 2 6 Right 3 8 Forward 4 5 Stop The relationship between the maestro and break one’s back device is depicted as province flow chart in the figure7 img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.007.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.009.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.010.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.011.png" img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.008.png"/ img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.012.png"/ Fig7. Flow of mechanism between district attorney vinci and robotic system img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.020.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.019.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.018.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.017.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.016.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.015.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.014.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.013.png"img alt="" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1209138.021.png"/ Fig8. Robotic Wheelchair Prototype Decision In this paper, a new algorithm is presented, to do the wheelchair to follow health professional. The algorithm is verified for a set of picture. It reduces the physical work and caregiver’s burden. The proposed architecture has to be implemented. Mentions [ 1 ] Veenman, C. Reinders, M. , and Backer, E. 2001. Deciding gesture correspondence for dumbly traveling points, IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 23, 1, 54–72. Serby, D. , koller clemency, S. , AND Gool L. V. 2004. Probabilistic object tracking utilizing multiple characteristics. In IEEE International Conference of Pattern Recognition ( ICPR ) . 184–187. Comaniciu, D. , Ramesh, V. , Andmeer, P. 2003. Kernel-based object trailing. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach Intell. 25, 564–575. Yilmaz, A. , LI, X. , AND Shah, M. 2004. Contour based object tracking with occlusion managing in picture acquired utilizing nomadic cameras. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 26, 11, 1531–1536. Pashcog, G. 2001. Perceptually unvarying colour infinites for colour texture analysis: an empirical rating. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 10, 932–937. Canny, J. 1986. A computational attack to inch sensing. IEEE Trans. Patt. Analy. Mach. Intell. 8, 6, 679–698. HORN, B. AND SCHUNK, B. 1981. Determining optical flow. Artific. Intell. 17, 185–203. Kanade, T. , collins, R. , Lipton, A. , Burt, P. , AND Wilson, L. 1998. Progresss in concerted multi-sensor picture surveillance. Darpa IU Workshop. 3–24. Wren, A. Azarbayejani, T. Darrell, and A. Pentland, â€Å"Pfinder: Real-time trailing of the human organic structure, † IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, pp. 780-785, 1997. A. Monnet, A. Mittal, N. Paragios, and V. Ramesh, â€Å"Background mold and minus of dynamic scenes, † Oct. 2003, pp. 1305-1312 vol.2. [ 11 ] M. Irani and P. Anandan, â€Å"Video indexing based on Mosaic representations, † Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 905-921, May 1998. [ 12 ] X. Gao, T. Boult, F. Coetzee, and V. Ramesh, â€Å"Error analysis of background adaptation, † vol. 1, 2000, pp. 503-510 vol-1 P.1